{"id":4646,"date":"2025-08-05T12:05:20","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T12:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=4646"},"modified":"2026-09-20T07:59:18","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T07:59:18","slug":"2025-08-net-winged-beetle-toxic-strategy-widely-copied-pl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/pl\/posts\/2025-08-net-winged-beetle-toxic-strategy-widely-copied-pl\/","title":{"rendered":"Toksyczny wzorzec \u2013 jak jeden amazo\u0144ski chrz\u0105szcz chroni setki udawaczy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karmazynkowate (<em>Lycidae<\/em>) to kosmopolityczna rodzina chrz\u0105szczy, wyst\u0119puj\u0105ca w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci region\u00f3w \u015bwiata. Wykszta\u0142ci\u0142y one niezwykle fascynuj\u0105ce zachowania obronne \u2013 w momencie pochwycenia lub ataku, z ich skrzyde\u0142 i staw\u00f3w s\u0105czy si\u0119 toksyczna, potwornie gorzka wydzielina, kt\u00f3ra zmusza drapie\u017cniki do ich natychmiastowego wyplucia. Poniewa\u017c s\u0105 tak silnie toksyczne i u\u017cywaj\u0105 jaskrawych barw ostrzegawczych, by zakomunikowa\u0107 to niebezpiecze\u0144stwo ptakom czy jaszczurkom, dziesi\u0105tki zupe\u0142nie nieszkodliwych owad\u00f3w (takich jak \u0107my, much\u00f3wki czy inne chrz\u0105szcze) ewoluowa\u0142y tak, by upodobni\u0107 si\u0119 do nich. To biologiczne na\u015bladownictwo tworzy pot\u0119\u017cn\u0105 sie\u0107 ochronn\u0105 zwan\u0105 \u201epier\u015bcieniem mimikry\u201d. Na tego karmazynka, prawdopodobnie nale\u017c\u0105cego do plemienia <em>Eurrhacini<\/em>, natkn\u0105\u0142em si\u0119 podczas zwiedzania parku miejskiego w Puyo, w amazo\u0144skim regionie Ekwadoru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Karmazynkowate (Lycidae) to kosmopolityczna rodzina chrz\u0105szczy, wyst\u0119puj\u0105ca w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci region\u00f3w \u015bwiata. Wykszta\u0142ci\u0142y one niezwykle fascynuj\u0105ce zachowania obronne \u2013 w momencie [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4642,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"countries":[272,276],"order-category":[163,750,159],"class_list":["post-4646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fitofagi-roslinozercy","countries-ameryka-poludniowa","countries-ekwador","order-category-owady-chrzaszcze","order-category-owady-chrzaszcze-karmazynkowate","order-category-owady"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4646"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11248,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4646\/revisions\/11248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4646"},{"taxonomy":"countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries?post=4646"},{"taxonomy":"order-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/order-category?post=4646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}