{"id":5685,"date":"2024-08-24T16:00:30","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T16:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=5685"},"modified":"2026-06-30T16:04:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T16:04:45","slug":"2024-08-large-antlion-on-portugese-island-es","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/es\/posts\/2024-08-large-antlion-on-portugese-island-es\/","title":{"rendered":"De monstruos de foso a maravillas aladas: La vida de las hormigas le\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las hormigas le\u00f3n (familia: <em>Myrmeleontidae<\/em>) son famosas principalmente por su bizarra etapa larvaria. Para capturar a sus presas, la larva de hormiga le\u00f3n cava una fosa c\u00f3nica y empinada en la arena suelta y se entierra en el fondo. Dado que son f\u00edsicamente incapaces de avanzar hacia adelante, deben arrastrarse hacia atr\u00e1s en c\u00edrculos, lanzando la tierra hacia arriba para excavar sus trampas en forma de embudo. Si una desafortunada hormiga resbala e intenta escapar, la larva arroja arena r\u00e1pidamente contra las paredes del foso para provocar desprendimientos de la arena, derribando a la presa directo hacia sus enormes mand\u00edbulas. Luego, inyectan a su captura un veneno paralizante y enzimas digestivas; una vez que el interior de la hormiga se lic\u00faa, la larva succiona los fluidos y expulsa el caparaz\u00f3n vac\u00edo fuera del foso. Curiosamente, estas ninfas carecen de ano y no excretan desechos s\u00f3lidos, almacenando todos los subproductos metab\u00f3licos internamente durante todo su desarrollo. Si la comida escasea, pueden prolongar esta fase larvaria depredadora hasta por tres a\u00f1os. Tras la metamorfiosis, emergen como elegantes y grandes insectos de alas transparentes reticuladas que se alimentan de n\u00e9ctar y buscan pareja. Me cruc\u00e9 con un magn\u00edfico ejemplar adulto de hormiga le\u00f3n \u2014de unos impresionantes 5 a 6 cm de longitud\u2014 cuando aterriz\u00f3 en un peque\u00f1o arbusto junto a una soleada playa portuguesa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las hormigas le\u00f3n (familia: Myrmeleontidae) son famosas principalmente por su bizarra etapa larvaria. Para capturar a sus presas, la larva [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[102],"tags":[],"countries":[254,266],"order-category":[1000,1006,161],"class_list":["post-5685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-depredadores","countries-europa","countries-portugal-es","order-category-insectos-crisopas","order-category-insectos-crisopas-hormigas-leon","order-category-insectos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5685","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5685"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5685\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5691,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5685\/revisions\/5691"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5685"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5685"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5685"},{"taxonomy":"countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries?post=5685"},{"taxonomy":"order-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/order-category?post=5685"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}