{"id":5877,"date":"2023-12-26T13:30:22","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T13:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=5877"},"modified":"2026-07-03T19:39:39","modified_gmt":"2026-07-03T19:39:39","slug":"2023-12-the-tarantula-hawk-of-ecuador-pl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/pl\/posts\/2023-12-the-tarantula-hawk-of-ecuador-pl\/","title":{"rendered":"Makabryczne arcydzie\u0142o natury: Spotkanie z jastrz\u0119bcem wielkim w Ekwadorze"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ta osa z rodziny nastecznikowatych (<em>Pompilidae<\/em>), prawdopodobnie jastrz\u0119biec wielki (<em>Pepsis grossa<\/em>), to pot\u0119\u017cny \u0142owca paj\u0105k\u00f3w s\u0142yn\u0105cy z o\u015blepiaj\u0105co bolesnego u\u017c\u0105dlenia oraz makabrycznego, paso\u017cytniczego cyklu \u017cycia. Samice u\u017cywaj\u0105 swojego \u017c\u0105d\u0142a, by trwale sparali\u017cowa\u0107 ptaszniki \u2013 ofiary kilkukrotnie wi\u0119ksze od nich samych \u2013 a nast\u0119pnie zaci\u0105gaj\u0105 je do nory. Tam sk\u0142adaj\u0105 pojedyncze jajo na odw\u0142oku paj\u0105ka i zamurowuj\u0105 komor\u0119. Po wykluciu larwa wgryza si\u0119 do wn\u0119trza ptasznika i \u017cywi si\u0119 jego tkankami, celowo omijaj\u0105c narz\u0105dy \u017cyciowe, aby utrzyma\u0107 go przy \u017cyciu przez kilka tygodni, a\u017c do momentu przepoczwarzenia. By odstraszy\u0107 drapie\u017cniki, osa wykorzystuje ubarwienie aposematyczne (ostrzegawcze): jej stalowoniebieskie, niemal czarne cia\u0142o kontrastuje z jaskrawymi, rdzawopomara\u0144czowymi skrzyd\u0142ami. Ka\u017cdy drapie\u017cnik \u2013 lub nieostro\u017cny cz\u0142owiek \u2013 kt\u00f3ry zignoruje to ostrze\u017cenie, gorzko po\u017ca\u0142uje. U\u017c\u0105dlenie to ma maksymaln\u0105 ocen\u0119 4.0 w indeksie b\u00f3lu Schmidta, ust\u0119puj\u0105c si\u0142\u0105 jedynie mr\u00f3wce pociskowej. Sam Schmidt opisa\u0142 ten b\u00f3l jako \u201eo\u015blepiaj\u0105cy, gwa\u0142towny, pora\u017caj\u0105co elektryczny\u201d, radz\u0105c ofiarom, by po prostu po\u0142o\u017cy\u0142y si\u0119 i krzycza\u0142y. T\u0119 pi\u0119kn\u0105 os\u0119, b\u0119d\u0105c zupe\u0142nie nie\u015bwiadomym jej makabrycznych zwyczaj\u00f3w, spotka\u0142em w chronionym lesie La Perla na wybrze\u017cu Ekwadoru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ta osa z rodziny nastecznikowatych (Pompilidae), prawdopodobnie jastrz\u0119biec wielki (Pepsis grossa), to pot\u0119\u017cny \u0142owca paj\u0105k\u00f3w s\u0142yn\u0105cy z o\u015blepiaj\u0105co bolesnego u\u017c\u0105dlenia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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