{"id":6366,"date":"2024-09-29T16:40:01","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T16:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=6366"},"modified":"2026-07-08T17:12:39","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T17:12:39","slug":"2024-09-high-tech-biology-of-the-oriental-hornet-es","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/es\/posts\/2024-09-high-tech-biology-of-the-oriental-hornet-es\/","title":{"rendered":"Asesinos propulsados por energ\u00eda solar: La tecnolog\u00eda biol\u00f3gica del avisp\u00f3n oriental"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les presento al avisp\u00f3n oriental (<em>Vespa orientalis<\/em>), un fascinante insecto social de color marr\u00f3n rojizo, nativo de los climas c\u00e1lidos y secos del norte de \u00c1frica, Oriente Medio y partes del sur de Europa. Mientras que la mayor\u00eda de las avispones (familia: <em>Vespidae<\/em>) prefieren las horas m\u00e1s frescas del amanecer o el atardecer, estos tipos est\u00e1n adaptados de forma \u00fanica para alcanzar su pico de actividad en pleno mediod\u00eda. De hecho, \u00a1pr\u00e1cticamente funcionan con energ\u00eda solar! Su exoesqueleto contiene un pigmento amarillo llamado xantopterina que absorbe la luz solar y la convierte en energ\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica. Por si fuera poco, unos receptores electromagn\u00e9ticos especializados en su abdomen act\u00faan como una br\u00fajula interna de alta tecnolog\u00eda. Los cient\u00edficos creen que este sistema les ayuda a detectar la gravedad, convirti\u00e9ndolos en aut\u00e9nticos maestros a la hora de excavar nidos subterr\u00e1neos. En lo profundo de estas colonias, las larvas raspan sus piezas bucales contra las paredes del panal, generando una se\u00f1al ac\u00fastica r\u00edtmica para exigir comida a las obreras adultas. Desafortunadamente, su plato favorito son las abejas mel\u00edferas, lo que los convierte en una amenaza destructiva para los polinizadores y en una especie invasora cada vez m\u00e1s problem\u00e1tica en el sur de Europa a medida que se desplazan con el calentamiento global. Observ\u00e9 a varios de estos avispones visitando con frecuencia el hist\u00f3rico edificio de la Escuela Anargyrios y Korgialenion de Spetses (AKSS). Se sent\u00edan atra\u00eddos por el agua que se filtraba de un aire acondicionado en la parte trasera del viejo edificio. Hacer fotos bajo el sol abrasador del mediod\u00eda fue un desaf\u00edo, pero como no dejaban de volver al mismo lugar, se convirti\u00f3 en el terreno de pruebas perfecto para experimentar con los ajustes de mi c\u00e1mara.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les presento al avisp\u00f3n oriental (Vespa orientalis), un fascinante insecto social de color marr\u00f3n rojizo, nativo de los climas c\u00e1lidos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6355,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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