{"id":8236,"date":"2026-06-19T15:50:01","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T15:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=8236"},"modified":"2026-07-24T19:54:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-24T19:54:33","slug":"2026-06-surviving-attacks-of-the-swedish-horsefly-pl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/pl\/posts\/2026-06-surviving-attacks-of-the-swedish-horsefly-pl\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychodeliczne oczy i z\u0119by jak pi\u0142y: Jak przetrwa\u0142em plag\u0119 b\u0105k\u00f3w w Szwecji"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poznajcie b\u0105ki z rodzaju <em>Hybomitra<\/em> \u2013 pot\u0119\u017cne, agresywne i niesamowicie zwrotne much\u00f3wki, kt\u00f3re dla ka\u017cdego podr\u00f3\u017cnika stanowi\u0105 ostateczny test wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci. Gryz\u0105 wy\u0142\u0105cznie samice, dla kt\u00f3rych krew jest niezb\u0119dnym \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em bia\u0142ka do z\u0142o\u017cenia jaj \u2013 samce s\u0105 ca\u0142kowicie niegro\u017ane i \u017cywi\u0105 si\u0119 jedynie nektarem. Zamiast \u017c\u0105dli\u0107, samice u\u017cywaj\u0105 mikroskopijnych narz\u0105d\u00f3w g\u0119bowych przypominaj\u0105cych pi\u0142y, kt\u00f3rymi rozcinaj\u0105 sk\u00f3r\u0119. Nast\u0119pnie wstrzykuj\u0105 \u015blin\u0119 zapobiegaj\u0105c\u0105 krzepni\u0119ciu krwi, powoduj\u0105c jej nap\u0142yw, kt\u00f3ry po prostu zlizuj\u0105. Mimo tych drastycznych obyczaj\u00f3w, ich oczy to absolutne arcydzie\u0142a natury: ogromne, mieni\u0105ce si\u0119 jaskraw\u0105 zieleni\u0105 i fioletem kule, ozdobione wyra\u017anymi, poziomymi pasami. Kieruj\u0105c si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3wnie wzrokiem, owady te reaguj\u0105 na ruch, ciemne kolory oraz dwutlenek w\u0119gla. S\u0105 przy tym jednymi z najszybszych owad\u00f3w na Ziemi \u2013 samce spokrewnionego gatunku Hybomitra hinei potrafi\u0105 w pogoni za partnerk\u0105 rozp\u0119dzi\u0107 si\u0119 do zawrotnych 145 km\/h! Podczas podr\u00f3\u017cy rowerowej przez p\u00f3\u0142nocn\u0105 Szwecj\u0119, w s\u0142oneczne dni cz\u0119sto otacza\u0142y mnie chmary tych nieust\u0119pliwych prze\u015bladowc\u00f3w. Ugryzie\u0144 unika\u0142em tylko dzi\u0119ki d\u0142ugim r\u0119kawom i grubej warstwie kremu z filtrem na ods\u0142oni\u0119tej sk\u00f3rze. Kilka razy, gdy wyj\u0105tkowo odwa\u017cny osobnik na mnie usiad\u0142, zdo\u0142a\u0142em go og\u0142uszy\u0107. Natychmiast si\u0119 zatrzymywa\u0142em i zanim mucha dosz\u0142a do siebie, robi\u0142em zdj\u0119cia, skupiaj\u0105c si\u0119 na jej hipnotyzuj\u0105cych oczach. Stara\u0142em si\u0119 ich nie zabija\u0107, cho\u0107 musz\u0119 przyzna\u0107, \u017ce b\u0105ki to jedne z nielicznych stworze\u0144 na \u015bwiecie, wobec kt\u00f3rych nie mia\u0142bym wyrzut\u00f3w sumienia poddaj\u0105c ich eutanazji.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poznajcie b\u0105ki z rodzaju Hybomitra \u2013 pot\u0119\u017cne, agresywne i niesamowicie zwrotne much\u00f3wki, kt\u00f3re dla ka\u017cdego podr\u00f3\u017cnika stanowi\u0105 ostateczny test wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1513,416],"tags":[],"countries":[252,268],"order-category":[1288,179,159],"class_list":["post-8236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-krwiozercy","category-wszystkozercy","countries-europe-pl","countries-szwecja","order-category-owady-dwuskrzydle-bakowate","order-category-owady-dwuskrzydle","order-category-owady"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8236"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8236\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8246,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8236\/revisions\/8246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8236"},{"taxonomy":"countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries?post=8236"},{"taxonomy":"order-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/order-category?post=8236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}