{"id":9143,"date":"2026-07-25T15:00:18","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T15:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/?p=9143"},"modified":"2026-08-15T12:32:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T12:32:10","slug":"2026-07-the-story-of-the-red-longhorn-beetle-pl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/pl\/posts\/2026-07-the-story-of-the-red-longhorn-beetle-pl\/","title":{"rendered":"Grzyby, dro\u017cd\u017ce i drewno: Sekretne \u017cycie zmorsznika czerwonego"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zmorsznik czerwony (<em>Stictoleptura rubra<\/em>) charakteryzuje si\u0119 tak silnym dymorfizmem p\u0142ciowym, \u017ce samce i samice by\u0142y historycznie opisywane jako dwa odr\u0119bne gatunki. Samice osi\u0105gaj\u0105 d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 od 10 do 20 mm i wyr\u00f3\u017cniaj\u0105 si\u0119 jednolicie ceglasto-czerwonym lub rdzawym ubarwieniem g\u0142owy, przedplecza oraz pokryw skrzyd\u0142owych. Samce s\u0105 mniejsze i smuklejsze \u2013 maj\u0105 czarn\u0105 g\u0142ow\u0119 i tu\u0142\u00f3w oraz \u017c\u00f3\u0142tawo-br\u0105zowe lub s\u0142omkowe pokrywy. Larwy sp\u0119dzaj\u0105 od 2 do 3 lat w rozk\u0142adaj\u0105cych si\u0119 pniakach i k\u0142odach drzew iglastych (g\u0142\u00f3wnie sosny i \u015bwierka), pe\u0142ni\u0105c kluczow\u0105 rol\u0119 jako destruenci wzbogacaj\u0105cy gleb\u0119 le\u015bn\u0105 w sk\u0142adniki od\u017cywcze. W trawieniu twardej celulozy pomagaj\u0105 im wyspecjalizowane dro\u017cd\u017ce produkuj\u0105ce cellulaz\u0119, znajduj\u0105ce si\u0119 w ich przewodzie pokarmowym \u2013 cho\u0107 do pe\u0142nego rozwoju potrzebuj\u0105 tak\u017ce substancji od\u017cywczych dostarczanych przez specyficzne grzyby rozwijaj\u0105ce si\u0119 w drewnie. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do dr\u0105\u017c\u0105cych drewno larw, doros\u0142e chrz\u0105szcze mo\u017cna obserwowa\u0107 od maja do wrze\u015bnia na kwiatach (np. baldaszkowatych i malinach), gdzie \u017cywi\u0105 si\u0119 py\u0142kiem i nektarem. Tego efektownego samca spotka\u0142em, gdy spacerowa\u0142 po kwiatach podczas s\u0142onecznego popo\u0142udnia w szwedzkim lesie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zmorsznik czerwony (Stictoleptura rubra) charakteryzuje si\u0119 tak silnym dymorfizmem p\u0142ciowym, \u017ce samce i samice by\u0142y historycznie opisywane jako dwa odr\u0119bne [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9135,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,490,96],"tags":[],"countries":[252,268],"order-category":[163,175,159],"class_list":["post-9143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fitofagi-roslinozercy","category-saprofagi","category-zapylacze","countries-europe-pl","countries-szwecja","order-category-owady-chrzaszcze","order-category-owady-chrzaszcze-kozkowate","order-category-owady"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9151,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9143\/revisions\/9151"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9143"},{"taxonomy":"countries","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/countries?post=9143"},{"taxonomy":"order-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pawel.stefanoff.pl\/bugs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/order-category?post=9143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}